League table

Every water ranked by sulfate

All 389 verified waters ranked by sulfate, the dryness league, from gypsum heavyweights to none at all.

Sulfate comes out of gypsum and it is the ion you taste as dryness. There is no sweetness in it and no roundness, only a firm and faintly bitter finish that scrubs the palate, which is why the sulfate-heavy waters are the ones poured beside rich food. Above 200 mg/L an EU label may say "contains sulphate", and sixty waters here clear that line.

Driest first. The top of the table is the French gypsum belt and the Italian spa springs, where sulfate runs past a gram per litre and the water turns genuinely medicinal. In quantity it is mildly laxative, which the spa towns never treated as a drawback.

#	Water	SO₄	TDS
1	Donat Mg Slovenia · sparkling	2092 mg/L	13197
2	Acqua Santa di Chianciano Italy	1840 mg/L	3433
3	Hépar France	1530 mg/L	2513
4	Ensinger Sport Medium Germany · sparkling	1463 mg/L	2583
5	Ensinger Mineralwasser Germany	1463 mg/L	2580
6	Aqua Römer Medium Germany · sparkling	1460 mg/L	2300
7	Saint-Antonin France	1450 mg/L	2440
8	Velleminfroy France	1400 mg/L	2420
9	Eptinger Switzerland	1352 mg/L	2222
10	Courmayeur Italy	1351.8 mg/L	2058.5
11	Steinsieker Germany · sparkling	1341 mg/L	2381
12	Adelbodner Switzerland	1267 mg/L	2137
13	Stelpes Latvia	1250 mg/L	1950
14	Contrex France	1187 mg/L	2032
15	Alwa Germany	1170 mg/L	2014
16	Überkinger Germany · sparkling	1113 mg/L	3086
17	Crazy Water No. 4 USA	1080 mg/L	2450
18	Vytautas Lithuania · sparkling	989 mg/L	7309
19	Valser Switzerland · sparkling	988 mg/L	1889
20	Carolinen Germany · sparkling	950 mg/L	1603
21	Aproz Switzerland · sparkling	930 mg/L	1650
22	Slavyanovskaya Russia · sparkling	900 mg/L	3500
23	Istisu Azerbaijan · sparkling	835 mg/L	5500
24	Tichė Lithuania	834 mg/L	1378
25	Gura Căinarului Moldova · sparkling	822.4 mg/L	2230
26	Bad Dürrheimer Classic Germany · sparkling	776.7 mg/L	1731
27	Gize Canada	692 mg/L	1170
28	Förstina Naturell Germany	640 mg/L	1684
29	Marzia Italy	611 mg/L	1372
30	Bílinská kyselka Czech Republic · sparkling	574 mg/L	7357
31	Sarajevski Kiseljak Bosnia and Herzegovina · sparkling	550 mg/L	3142.6
32	Jermuk Armenia · sparkling	520 mg/L	3620
33	Ben Haroun Algeria · sparkling	514.4 mg/L	2800
34	Dobra Voda North Macedonia · sparkling	500.4 mg/L	1210
35	Bonneval France	496 mg/L	1391
36	Mangaļi Latvia · sparkling	455 mg/L	2000
37	San Pellegrino Italy · sparkling	430 mg/L	853
38	Darida Belarus · sparkling	420 mg/L	3450
39	Narzan Russia · sparkling	415 mg/L	2500
40	Vittel France	400 mg/L	1084
41	Birutė Lithuania · sparkling	375 mg/L	2700
42	Saint-Amand France	372 mg/L	859
43	Gemerka Slovakia · sparkling	371 mg/L	2050
44	Rosport Classic Luxembourg · sparkling	366.6 mg/L	1334
45	Insalus Spain	340 mg/L	634
46	Santovka Slovakia · sparkling	329 mg/L	2410
47	Budiš Slovakia · sparkling	325 mg/L	1620
48	Peñaclara Spain	323 mg/L	672
49	Swiss Alpina Switzerland · sparkling	303 mg/L	649
50	Mihalkovo Bulgaria · sparkling	293.8 mg/L	2885
51	Rosport Viva Luxembourg	290.3 mg/L	982
52	Balf Hungary	284 mg/L	1869
53	Römerquelle Austria · sparkling	281 mg/L	1000
54	Cristalp Switzerland	240.7 mg/L	718
55	Rozana France · sparkling	230 mg/L	3022
56	Vöslauer Austria	228 mg/L	709.93
57	Châteauneuf France · sparkling	223 mg/L	2586
58	Pelisterka North Macedonia · sparkling	222.6 mg/L	1441
59	Boario Italy	222 mg/L	566
60	Bjni Armenia · sparkling	220 mg/L	5700
61	Sirab Azerbaijan · sparkling	200 mg/L	2400
62	Heba Strong Serbia · sparkling	199 mg/L	3057
63	Topo Chico Mexico · sparkling	180 mg/L	630
64	Beypazarı Turkey · sparkling	176.1 mg/L	3323
65	Saint-Yorre France · sparkling	174 mg/L	4774
66	Vernière France · sparkling	158 mg/L	1226
67	Salvator Slovakia · sparkling	155 mg/L	2282
68	FrankenBrunnen Germany	153 mg/L	631
69	Nabeghlavi Georgia · sparkling	148.5 mg/L	4700
70	Carola France	143 mg/L	665
71	Beloka Water Australia	141 mg/L	587
72	Vichy Célestins France · sparkling	138 mg/L	3325
73	Rhäzünser Switzerland · sparkling	138 mg/L	1830
74	Villavicencio Argentina	138 mg/L	554
75	Gaudianello Italy · sparkling	129 mg/L	1183
76	Bad Reichenhaller Mineralwasser Still Germany	129 mg/L	377
77	b'ui Mexico	120 mg/L	920
78	Elmer Mineral Switzerland	120 mg/L	474
79	Jamnica Croatia · sparkling	116 mg/L	3613
80	NaturAqua Hungary	108 mg/L	627
81	Christinen Germany	106 mg/L	855
82	Preblauer Austria · sparkling	105 mg/L	3336
83	Arzni Armenia · sparkling	102.5 mg/L	1900
84	Apollinaris Classic Germany · sparkling	100 mg/L	2760
85	Juvina Austria · sparkling	99.1 mg/L	2677.6
86	Radenska Kraljevi vrelec Slovenia · sparkling	98 mg/L	3000
87	Peterstaler Germany · sparkling	98 mg/L	610
88	San Faustino Italy · sparkling	96.7 mg/L	1193
89	Ostromecko Poland	91 mg/L	630
90	Asem-Ai Saryagash Kazakhstan	90 mg/L	800
91	Lichtenauer Mineralwasser Pur Germany	89.9 mg/L	362
92	Kláštorná Kalcia Slovakia · sparkling	89.4 mg/L	1769
93	Uliveto Italy · sparkling	89 mg/L	729
94	Vimeiro Original Portugal	87 mg/L	1012
95	Kllokoti Kosovo · sparkling	83.22 mg/L	812
96	Sairme Georgia · sparkling	82 mg/L	4000
97	Poděbradka Czech Republic · sparkling	79.3 mg/L	2052
98	Souroti Greece · sparkling	74 mg/L	1100
99	Manitou Springs Mineral Water USA · sparkling	72.8 mg/L	1300
100	Vals France · sparkling	70 mg/L	1305
101	Ifri Algeria	68 mg/L	550
102	Saida Algeria	65 mg/L	478
103	Margon Germany · sparkling	65 mg/L	338
104	Heppinger Germany · sparkling	60 mg/L	2283
105	Sandalia Italy	59.9 mg/L	1463.2
106	Caldas de Monchique Portugal	59 mg/L	350
107	Nessel France · sparkling	58 mg/L	985
108	Chortoq Uzbekistan · sparkling	58 mg/L	356
109	Magma de Cabreiroá Spain · sparkling	57 mg/L	1600
110	Plancoët France	56 mg/L	257
111	Sangemini Italy · sparkling	55.7 mg/L	910
112	Venden Latvia	55 mg/L	360
113	Bad Liebenwerda Germany · sparkling	55 mg/L	92
114	Kondrauer Germany	54 mg/L	616
115	Galvanina Italy	53.79 mg/L	514.5
116	Belu Sparkling United Kingdom · sparkling	52.4 mg/L	274.4
117	Korunní Czech Republic · sparkling	51.4 mg/L	451
118	Passugger Switzerland · sparkling	50.5 mg/L	1110
119	Vichy Catalan Spain · sparkling	50 mg/L	2900
120	Borjomi Georgia · sparkling	50 mg/L	3900
121	Bonaqua Naturell Norway · sparkling	48 mg/L	252
122	Ustronianka Poland	47 mg/L	514
123	Cutolo Rionero Italy · sparkling	46.5 mg/L	517
124	Saskia Germany	46.5 mg/L	168
125	Kildevæld Denmark	45 mg/L	324
126	Fonte Vivia Italy · sparkling	44.7 mg/L	566
127	Agua de Fuensanta Spain	44 mg/L	265
128	Fuente Primavera Spain	43.9 mg/L	393
129	Acqua Claudia Italy · sparkling	43.2 mg/L	656
130	Piwniczanka Poland · sparkling	43 mg/L	1716
131	Allegra Switzerland	42.2 mg/L	544
132	Jurajska Poland	42.1 mg/L	540.8
133	Sidi Ali Morocco	42 mg/L	186
134	Arkina Switzerland	40.8 mg/L	520
135	Mattoni Czech Republic · sparkling	40 mg/L	962
136	Chaudfontaine Naturelle Belgium	40 mg/L	385
137	Voda Vrnjci Serbia	39.4 mg/L	441
138	aqua alpina Austria	39 mg/L	413
139	Morrisons Sparkling United Kingdom · sparkling	39 mg/L	267
140	Waldquelle Austria	39 mg/L	452
141	Sorgenti Monte Bianco Italy	38.5 mg/L	123.1
142	Badoit France · sparkling	38 mg/L	1200
143	Agua de Solares Spain	37.2 mg/L	372
144	Gerolsteiner Germany · sparkling	37 mg/L	2500
145	Deep RiverRock United Kingdom	37 mg/L	336
146	Rhodius Germany · sparkling	37 mg/L	2160
147	Puyehue Chile	36.76 mg/L	218
148	Acqua di Nepi Italy · sparkling	36.6 mg/L	526
149	Vitinka Bosnia and Herzegovina	36.5 mg/L	257
150	Ein Gedi Israel	36 mg/L	366
151	Sierra de Cazorla Spain	36 mg/L	434
152	Ogeu France	35.5 mg/L	250
153	Perrier France · sparkling	33 mg/L	475
154	Gasteiner Austria	33 mg/L	206
155	Kropla Beskidu Poland	33 mg/L	333.2
156	Proud Source USA	32 mg/L	220
157	Lipički Studenac Croatia · sparkling	31.3 mg/L	512
158	Arvie France · sparkling	31 mg/L	2520
159	Aqua Pura United Kingdom	30 mg/L	220
160	Wielka Pieniawa Poland	30 mg/L	1315
161	Staropolanka 2000 Poland · sparkling	29 mg/L	2030
162	Cristaline France	29 mg/L	455
163	TAU United Kingdom	28 mg/L	208
164	Hassia Sprudel Germany · sparkling	28 mg/L	1578
165	Absopure USA	28 mg/L	320
166	Sabrine Tunisia	27.5 mg/L	303
167	Egeria Italy · sparkling	27.3 mg/L	646
168	Thonon France	27 mg/L	267
169	Vellamo Finland	27 mg/L	519
170	Teinacher Classic Germany · sparkling	26 mg/L	563
171	Harrogate Spring United Kingdom	26 mg/L	278
172	Abbey Well United Kingdom	26 mg/L	400
173	Indian Springs USA	25.4 mg/L	148
174	Adldorfer Naturell Germany	24 mg/L	550
175	Wattwiller France	24 mg/L	155
176	Sainte-Marguerite France · sparkling	24 mg/L	936
177	Bambito Panama	24 mg/L	170
178	Muszyna Skarb Życia Poland · sparkling	23 mg/L	1560
179	Agua de Benassal Spain	22.6 mg/L	270
180	Krumbach Germany	22.3 mg/L	283
181	Acqua Panna Italy	22 mg/L	188
182	Muszynianka Poland · sparkling	22 mg/L	1954
183	Knutwiler Switzerland · sparkling	22 mg/L	566
184	Aqua Viva Serbia	22 mg/L	305
185	Kızılay Maden Suyu Turkey · sparkling	21.99 mg/L	3480
186	Solán de Cabras Spain	21.8 mg/L	278
187	Wekiva Springs USA	21.78 mg/L	198
188	Ishka Ireland	21 mg/L	535
189	Ishka Sparkling Ireland · sparkling	21 mg/L	535
190	Saint-Géron France · sparkling	20.4 mg/L	1158
191	Châteldon France · sparkling	20 mg/L	1882
192	La Salvetat France · sparkling	20 mg/L	560
193	Selters Classic Germany · sparkling	20 mg/L	1540
194	Kryniczanka Poland · sparkling	20 mg/L	2207.68
195	Sidi Harazem Morocco	20 mg/L	840
196	Naya Canada	20 mg/L	250
197	Recoaro Italy	19.9 mg/L	153.7
198	Kinga Pienińska Poland	19.9 mg/L	537
199	Acqua Vera Italy	19.6 mg/L	162
200	Deer Park USA	19.5 mg/L	125
201	Uludağ Premium Turkey · sparkling	19.25 mg/L	1952
202	Fuente Liviana Spain	19.2 mg/L	251
203	Levissima Italy	19.1 mg/L	82
204	Vedica India	19 mg/L	235
205	ViO Germany	19 mg/L	186
206	Masafi United Arab Emirates	19 mg/L	150
207	Tipperary Ireland	18 mg/L	346
208	RhönSprudel Naturell Germany	18 mg/L	211
209	Morrisons Pennine Vale United Kingdom · sparkling	18 mg/L	417
210	Água Castello Portugal · sparkling	18 mg/L	640
211	Valvert Belgium	18 mg/L	201
212	Baraka Egypt	17.5 mg/L	123
213	Hermis Lithuania	17 mg/L	1355
214	Llanllyr Source United Kingdom	17 mg/L	111
215	Nürburg Quelle Germany · sparkling	17 mg/L	3189
216	Galicjanka Poland · sparkling	17 mg/L	1567
217	Vital Chile	16.79 mg/L	133
218	Crystal Geyser USA	16.75 mg/L	130
219	Rajec Slovakia	16.6 mg/L	316
220	Geraci Italy	16 mg/L	63
221	Watermarket United Kingdom	16 mg/L	403
222	Font Vella Spain	15.8 mg/L	190
223	Bad Brambacher Germany · sparkling	15.6 mg/L	147
224	Arrowhead USA	15.5 mg/L	145
225	Aquadeus Spain	15.1 mg/L	307
226	Ballygowan Ireland	15 mg/L	582
227	Ballygowan Sparkling Ireland · sparkling	15 mg/L	582
228	Essentuki No. 4 Russia · sparkling	15 mg/L	8500
229	Aigua de Sant Aniol Spain	14.9 mg/L	304
230	Evian France	14 mg/L	357
231	Orezza France · sparkling	14 mg/L	516
232	Borsec Romania · sparkling	14 mg/L	1490
233	Fürst Bismarck Germany · sparkling	14 mg/L	198
234	Zagori Greece	13.8 mg/L	239.6
235	Ice Mountain USA	13.5 mg/L	260
236	Agua de Cuevas Spain	13.4 mg/L	208
237	Buxton United Kingdom	13 mg/L	280
238	Avra Greece	13 mg/L	194
239	Buxton Sparkling United Kingdom · sparkling	13 mg/L	280
240	Harrogate Spring Sparkling United Kingdom · sparkling	13 mg/L	242
241	Dana Slovenia	12.8 mg/L	336
242	Essentuki No. 17 Russia · sparkling	12.5 mg/L	12000
243	Chiltern Hills United Kingdom	12.2 mg/L	289
244	Rosbacher Naturell Germany	12 mg/L	1235
245	Henniez Switzerland	12 mg/L	571
246	Siwa Egypt	12 mg/L	190
247	Kerry Spring Sparkling Ireland · sparkling	11.8 mg/L	284
248	Veri Spain	11.4 mg/L	203
249	Smeraldina Italy	11.2 mg/L	155
250	Oulmès Morocco · sparkling	11 mg/L	1421
251	Magnesia Czech Republic	11 mg/L	788
252	Farris Norway · sparkling	11 mg/L	1400
253	Ashbeck United Kingdom	11 mg/L	85
254	Knjaz Miloš Serbia · sparkling	11 mg/L	1063
255	Ondrášovka Czech Republic · sparkling	10.4 mg/L	724
256	Viladrau Spain	10.2 mg/L	139
257	Levico Italy	10 mg/L	38
258	Montcalm France	10 mg/L	32
259	Sourcy Netherlands	10 mg/L	260
260	Vilsa Germany	10 mg/L	179
261	Likani Georgia · sparkling	10 mg/L	5750
262	O'Tahiti French Polynesia	10 mg/L	206
263	Szentkiralyi Hungary	10 mg/L	517
264	Tipperary Sparkling Ireland · sparkling	10 mg/L	272
265	Zephyrhills USA	9.8 mg/L	205
266	Liquid Death USA	9.7 mg/L	120
267	Campilho Portugal · sparkling	9.5 mg/L	1200
268	JUST Water USA	9.4 mg/L	81
269	Brecon Carreg United Kingdom	9 mg/L	210
270	Saint-Alban France · sparkling	9 mg/L	1367
271	Bad Pyrmonter Germany	9 mg/L	233
272	Naturágua Brazil	8.92 mg/L	210.18
273	Vikos Greece	8.83 mg/L	300
274	Saka Turkey	8.6 mg/L	179
275	Luchon France	8.2 mg/L	83
276	Chippewa Springs USA	8.2 mg/L	180
277	Volvic France	8.1 mg/L	109
278	Abatilles France	8 mg/L	354
279	Santa Maria Italy	8 mg/L	370
280	Aïn Atlas Morocco	8 mg/L	217
281	Jirisansoo South Korea	8 mg/L	84
282	Maniva Italy	8 mg/L	99
283	Pineo Spain	7.9 mg/L	223
284	Cerelia Italy	7.6 mg/L	378
285	VODAVODA Serbia	7.6 mg/L	286
286	Rheinsberger Preussen Quelle Still Germany	7.4 mg/L	367
287	Mountain Valley Spring Water USA	7.4 mg/L	220
288	Mountain Valley Sparkling USA · sparkling	7.4 mg/L	220
289	St. Leonhards Quelle Germany	7.2 mg/L	368
290	FOZ Brazil	7 mg/L	314
291	Lalla Khedidja Algeria	7 mg/L	187
292	Loutraki Greece	6.8 mg/L	536.36
293	Åre Sweden	6.7 mg/L	110
294	Lete Italy · sparkling	6.6 mg/L	878.41
295	Whistler Water Canada	6.6 mg/L	36
296	Poland Spring Sparkling USA · sparkling	6.5 mg/L	52
297	Isklar Norway	6.5 mg/L	39
298	Aquabona Spain	6.5 mg/L	271
299	Peterquelle Austria · sparkling	6.4 mg/L	1625
300	Sorgente Tione Italy	6.4 mg/L	180
301	Steirerquell Austria · sparkling	6.4 mg/L	375
302	Chiarella Italy	6.3 mg/L	235
303	Neptūnas Lithuania	6.2 mg/L	136
304	Bucovina Romania	6.2 mg/L	72
305	Highland Spring United Kingdom	6 mg/L	160
306	Jana Croatia	6 mg/L	480
307	Norda Italy	6 mg/L	62
308	Cape Karoo South Africa	6 mg/L	190
309	Capi Australia · sparkling	6 mg/L	363
310	Sorgente Alba Italy	5.9 mg/L	30
311	Aura Thailand	5.8 mg/L	242
312	Highland Spring Sparkling United Kingdom · sparkling	5.3 mg/L	170
313	Adelholzener St. Primus Naturell Germany	5.3 mg/L	359
314	Rosa Serbia	5.2 mg/L	52
315	Aïn Ifrane Morocco	5.13 mg/L	397
316	Palomar Mountain Spring Water USA	5.1 mg/L	130
317	Zala Slovenia	5.1 mg/L	278
318	Rocchetta Naturale Italy	5.01 mg/L	175.9
319	Oslo Tap Norway	5 mg/L	55
320	Ferrarelle Italy · sparkling	5 mg/L	1300
321	Bru Belgium · sparkling	5 mg/L	160
322	Pierval France	5 mg/L	310
323	Blue Republic South Africa	5 mg/L	116
324	Mei Eden Israel	5 mg/L	244
325	Zaros Greece	5 mg/L	150
326	Gleichenberger Austria · sparkling	5 mg/L	3340
327	Prata Brazil	4.89 mg/L	60.3
328	Saratoga USA	4.7 mg/L	37
329	South Downs United Kingdom	4.5 mg/L	231
330	Antipodes New Zealand	4.5 mg/L	130
331	Ozarka USA	4.4 mg/L	86.5
332	Vilas del Turbón Spain	4.1 mg/L	197
333	Spa Reine Belgium	4 mg/L	33
334	Poland Spring USA	4 mg/L	50
335	Ramlösa Sweden · sparkling	4 mg/L	760
336	Gloria Patri Portugal	4 mg/L	210
337	Korpi Greece	4 mg/L	309
338	Aava India	4 mg/L	280
339	Healsi Portugal	4 mg/L	183
340	Aïn Saïss Morocco	3.8 mg/L	350
341	Kirene Senegal	3.8 mg/L	163
342	San Benedetto Italy	3.7 mg/L	265
343	Ty Nant United Kingdom	3.7 mg/L	165
344	Aïn Soltane Morocco	3.7 mg/L	331
345	Tŷ Nant Sparkling United Kingdom · sparkling	3.7 mg/L	165
346	Vidago Portugal · sparkling	3.3 mg/L	2816
347	Imsdal Norway	3 mg/L	55
348	Icelandic Glacial Iceland	3 mg/L	72
349	Tollagården Sweden	3 mg/L	131
350	Aqua d'Or Denmark	3 mg/L	150
351	aQuellé South Africa	3 mg/L	71
352	Studena Croatia	2.9 mg/L	561
353	Black Forest Still Germany	2.9 mg/L	46
354	Surgiva Italy	2.9 mg/L	33
355	Nocera Umbra Sorgente Angelica Italy	2.65 mg/L	280
356	São Lourenço Brazil · sparkling	2.4 mg/L	295
357	Summit Spring USA	2.4 mg/L	59
358	Lindóya Verão Brazil	2.39 mg/L	154
359	Daylesford & Hepburn Australia · sparkling	2.3 mg/L	1097
360	Iceland Spring Iceland	2.2 mg/L	48
361	Bar-le-Duc Netherlands	2 mg/L	230
362	Fiuggi Italy	2 mg/L	142
363	Bahia Morocco	2 mg/L	90
364	Acqua Dolomia Italy	2 mg/L	121
365	Theoni Greece	2 mg/L	150
366	Source Tangui Cameroon	2 mg/L	284
367	Thunderbird Spirit Water Canada	2 mg/L	44
368	Lurisia Italy	1.9 mg/L	38
369	Mondariz Spain	1.7 mg/L	177
370	Luso Portugal	1.5 mg/L	49
371	San Bernardo Italy	1.5 mg/L	34.9
372	Fonte Lonera Staro Italy	1.3 mg/L	128
373	Perla Harghitei Romania · sparkling	1.18 mg/L	635
374	Sulinka Slovakia · sparkling	1.1 mg/L	7481.7
375	Ouro Fino Brazil	1.05 mg/L	133
376	Fiji Fiji	1 mg/L	230
377	Akvilė Lithuania	1 mg/L	150
378	Strathmore United Kingdom	1 mg/L	453
379	Strathmore Sparkling United Kingdom · sparkling	1 mg/L	453
380	Vitale Cameroon	1 mg/L	99
381	Caxambu Brazil · sparkling	0.85 mg/L	87
382	Crystal Brazil	0.18 mg/L	78.53
383	Minalba Brazil	0.13 mg/L	110
384	Indaiá Brazil	0.11 mg/L	65.28
385	Neblina H2O Colombia	0.1 mg/L	154
386	Voss Norway	0 mg/L	44
387	Cisowianka Poland	0 mg/L	555
388	Nałęczowianka Poland	0 mg/L	650
389	Himalayan India	0 mg/L	239

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